"Republic of China"Issue in Regularwriting Characters

*本次藏品 民普5蟠龙加盖楷体字“中华民国”邮票 半分

蟠龙邮票是清代国家邮政成立后，正式发行的第一套普通邮票，这套邮票前后三次发行，共分日本蟠龙票、伦敦有水印票和伦敦版无水印票。发行于1897年10月1日。这是大清邮局脱离海关，光绪皇帝御准开办“大清邮政”以后第一次正式发行的邮票，它是中国邮票史上首次由皇帝亲自御批的邮票。而邮票加盖，大体分为改值与变更铭记两种情况。近代社会在政权更迭、改朝换代或国家独立的时候，往往发行象征新政权的邮票。而新邮票来不及印制，又往往会在旧邮票上加盖新国家、新政权的铭记，以应付过渡时期的邮政通信之需。

1911年10月，辛亥革命成功，清王朝灭亡，中华民国兴起，处在这样一个特定的历史环境下，清“蟠龙邮票”不足三个月竟出现了三次加盖。这段时间邮票的变化，反映了当时孙中山与反动势力在邮政方面进行斗争的一个片断，也是这段历史的记录。

加盖“临时中立”邮票 1912年1月1日，建立中华民国，孙中山先生就任临时大总统。当时邮政仍由外国势力把持，邮政总办帛黎（法国人）决定在大清邮政的蟠龙邮票上加盖“临时中立”字样，有3分、1元、2元、5元四种，作为邮资凭证，运往福州邮局，于1月30日起出售使用。

加盖“临时中立·中华民国”邮票 辛亥革命后，中国仍笼罩着帝国主义的干涉，列强的炮舰游弋于长江流域。革命党人屈服帝国主义的压力，达成南北协议：“只要袁世凯赞成共和，并迫使清帝退位，革命党人就同意让出政权。”1912年2月12日，无望的清帝下诏退位。次日，孙中山向临时参议院提出辞去临时大总统，推荐袁世凯继位。就在孙中山提出辞职的同一天，英国、德国、日本三国驻南京领事，奉命到南京临时政府外交部施加压力，要求维持中国邮政的现状，制止福建等省军政府对邮政和邮票的变革。为此，孙中山立刻电令袁世凯要在邮票上只加印“中华民国”4个字。而袁世凯表面上答应，却又在原来横列加盖“临时中立”的邮票上，又竖列补盖了“中华民国”字样，成了印有十字交叉的“大清国邮政·临时中立·中华民国”字样的邮票。由邮政总局驻上海邮政供应处负责加盖，实际仍交由海关总税务司署造册处承印，所盖原票是清代伦敦版蟠龙无水印邮票和伦敦版欠资邮票，运往汉口、南京、长沙等地邮局。出售后引起老百姓的极端不满，这是侵害中国的主权问题。孙中山得知后，十分气愤，立即致电袁世凯，命令邮票上不准有“临时中立”字样，只能加盖“中华民国”4个字。在孙中山的斥责下，3月23日，由帛黎通令各邮区，停发加盖“临时中立·中华民国”邮票，“将业已发出之该项邮票扫数收回”。

加盖“中华民国”邮票 1912年3月10日，袁世凯在北平正式就职。在袁世凯的庇护下，帛黎仍是中国邮政的当然“总办”，他自然也就改变了对中华民国的立场，他指示驻上海邮政供应处，将库存清代邮票都加盖正式国名“中华民国”。除海关造册处加盖的以外，还有上海商务印书馆和英国华德路公司所加盖。加盖“中华民国”邮票分三组，分别以不同的加盖字体特征命名，分加盖宋体字、加盖宋体大“国”字、加盖楷体“中华民国”邮票。后来，销售加盖“中华民国”字样的邮票，直到1914年3月31日方才停止。

Panlong stamps are the first set of ordinary stamps officially issued after the establishment of the Qing Dynasty National Post, this set of stamps was issued three times, a total of Japan Panlong tickets, London watermarked tickets and London version of unwatermarked tickets. Published October 1, 1897. This is the first official stamp issued after the Qing post Office broke away from the customs and the Guangxu Emperor authorized the establishment of the "Qing Post Office". It is the first stamp approved by the emperor himself in the history of Chinese postage. The stamp stamping is generally divided into two cases: change of value and change of memory. In modern society, when the regime changes, the change of the dynasty or the independence of the country, it often issues stamps symbolizing the new regime. The new stamps are too late to be printed, and the old stamps are often stamped with the memory of the new country and the new regime to meet the needs of postal communications during the transitional period.

In October 1911, the success of the Revolution of 1911, the collapse of the Qing Dynasty, the rise of the Republic of China, in such a specific historical environment, the Qing "Panlong stamp" appeared three times in less than three months. The change of stamps during this period reflects a fragment of the struggle between Sun Yat-sen and the reactionary forces in the postal sector at that time, and is also a record of this period of history.

On January 1, 1912, the Republic of China was established, and Dr. Sun Yat-sen took office as the provisional President. At that time, the post was still controlled by foreign forces, and the general office of the post office, Palau (the French), decided to stamp the words "temporary neutrality" on the Panlong stamp of the Qing Post Office, with 3 cents, 1 yuan, 2 yuan, and 5 yuan, as a postage certificate, and shipped to the Fuzhou Post Office for sale and use from January 30.

After the Revolution of 1911, China was still under the shadow of imperialist intervention, and the gunboats of the Great powers roiled the Yangtze River. The revolutionaries yielded to the imperialist pressure and reached an agreement between the North and the South: "As long as Yuan Shikai supported the republic and forced the Qing emperor to abdicate, the revolutionaries agreed to cede power." On February 12, 1912, the hopeless Qing Emperor issued an edict to abdicate. The next day, Sun Yat-sen submitted his resignation to the Provisional Senate and recommended Yuan Shikai to succeed him. On the same day that Sun Yat-sen submitted his resignation, the British, German, and Japanese consuls in Nanjing were ordered to press the Foreign Ministry of the Nanjing Provisional Government to maintain the status quo of China's post and to stop the military government in Fujian and other provinces from changing the post and stamps. To this end, Sun Yat-sen immediately ordered Yuan Shikai to print only the four words "Republic of China" on the stamp. And Yuan Shikai ostensibly agreed, but in the original horizontal stamped "temporary neutrality" stamp, and vertical stamped "Republic of China" words, became stamped with the cross "Qing Dynasty Post · Temporary neutrality · Republic of China" words of stamps. The stamp was affixed by the General Post Office in Shanghai Postal Supply Department, and was actually still submitted to the General Tax Department of the Customs for printing. The original stamps were the Qing Dynasty London Panlong unwatermarked stamps and the London version of underfunded stamps, which were shipped to Hankou, Nanjing, Changsha and other post offices. The sale caused extreme discontent among the people, which is an infringement of China's sovereignty. When Sun Yat-sen learned this, he was very angry and immediately telephoned Yuan Shikai, ordering that the words "temporary neutrality" should not be allowed on the stamp, and only the four words "Republic of China" could be stamped. Under Sun Yat-sen's rebuking, on March 23, the Palau General ordered all postal areas to stop issuing stamps of "Temporary neutral Republic of China" and "withdraw all the stamps already issued".

On March 10, 1912, Yuan Shikai officially took office in Peiping. Under the protection of Yuan Shikai, Palau was still the natural "general office" of China Post, and he naturally changed his position on the Republic of China, and he instructed the Postal Supply Office in Shanghai to stamp the stock of Qing Dynasty stamps with the official name of "Republic of China". In addition to those stamped by the Customs Registration Office, there are also those stamped by the Shanghai Commercial Press and the British Waterroad Company. The stamp of the "Republic of China" is divided into three groups, respectively named with different font characteristics, including the stamp of the Song Dynasty, the stamp of the Song Dynasty, the stamp of the Song Dynasty and the stamp of the Republic of China. Later, the sale of stamps bearing the words "Republic of China" did not stop until March 31, 1914.

*本次藏品 民普5蟠龙加盖楷体字“中华民国”邮票 半分

近期我公司征集到一枚民普5蟠龙加盖楷体字“中华民国”半分邮票，邮票的原票整体布局采用了满满堂堂、中心取圆、局部透白、四角衬花的传统技法。邮票中心为“蟠龙”图案，四角衬“如意云头”角花，图幅约20×24毫米，齿轮度数为13-16。该邮票是在英国华德路公司加盖的，加盖形式是在邮票中央加盖直行楷体字“中华民国”字样，加盖颜色为蓝色。民国时期的邮票，虽有数量庞大、种类繁杂等鲜明特点，但因其历经战火，存世量非常少，其中有不少珍邮，以本次加盖邮票为代表，民普5蟠龙加盖楷体字“中华民国”半分邮票的加盖形式反映了政权更替时期邮政的混乱，具有较高的历史价值和鉴赏价值，因此受到众多邮票收藏爱好者的关注。

Recently, our company collected a Minpu 5 Panlong with regular script "Republic of China" half postage stamp, the overall layout of the original stamp adopts the traditional techniques of full hall, center round, local transparent white, and four corners lined with flowers. The stamp centres on the "Flat Dragon" design, with the "Ruyi Cloud Head" corner flower at the four corners. The map size is about 20×24 mm, and the gear degree is 13-16. The stamp was stamped by the Waterroad Company in the United Kingdom in the form of the words "Republic of China" in straight block in the center of the stamp and the colour of the stamp was blue. Stamps in the period of the Republic of China, although there are a large number, types and other distinctive characteristics, but because of its war, the number of surviving is very small, among which there are many precious postal, as represented by this stamp stamping, Minpu 5 Panlong stamped with italic character "Republic of China" half of the stamp stamping form reflects the chaos of the postal regime change period, with high historical value and appreciation value. Therefore, it has attracted the attention of many stamp collectors.

以上藏品相关信息请与：四川君再来拍卖集团有限公司联系。 

For information about the above collections, please contact: Sichuan Jun Zailai Auction Group Co.